Kalafo e nepahetseng le tšebeliso e nepahetseng ea moiteli oa liphoofolo tse ruiloeng li ka tlisa chelete e ngata ho lihoai tse ngata, empa hape le ho ntlafatsa ntlafatso ea indasteri ea tsona.
Manyolo a tlhaho a tlhahoke mofuta oa manyolo o nang le mesebetsi ea manyolo a likokoana-hloko le manyolo a manyolo, ao haholo-holo a tsoang ho masala a liphoofolo le limela (joaloka moiteli oa liphoofolo, joang ba lijalo, joalo-joalo) 'me o entsoe ka phekolo e se nang kotsi.
Sena se etsa qeto ea hore manyolo a tlhaho a tlhaho a na le likarolo tse peli: 1) ts'ebetso e khethehileng ea likokoana-hloko.2) tšoaroa litšila tsa manyolo.
1) Microorganism e khethehileng e sebetsang
Likokoana-hloko tse itseng tse sebetsang ka har'a manyolo a tlhaho a tlhaho hangata li bua ka likokoana-hloko, ho kenyelletsa le mefuta e fapaneng ea libaktheria, li-fungus le actinomycetes, tse ka khothalletsang phetoho ea limatlafatsi tsa mobu le kholo ea lijalo ka mor'a kopo mobung.Mesebetsi e khethehileng e ka aroloa ka tsela e latelang:
1. Libaktheria tse lokisang naetrojene:
(1) symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria: haholo-holo e bua ka leguminous crop rhizobia joalo ka: rhizobia, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, chronicle ammonia-fixing rhizobia, joalo-joalo;Likokoana-hloko tse se nang linaoa tsa symbiotic tse lokisang naetrojene tse kang Franklinella, Cyanobacteria, bokhoni ba tsona ba ho lokisa naetrojene bo phahame.
(2) Libaktheria tsa Autogenous nitrogen-fixing: tse kang libaktheria tse sootho tse lokisang naetrojene, libaktheria tsa photosynthetic, joalo-joalo.
(3) Libaktheria tse kopanyang naetrojene: li bua ka likokoana-hloko tse ka bang bolutu feela ha li lula metso le makhasi a limela tsa rhizosphere, tse kang Pseudomonas genus, lipogenic nitrogen-fixing helicobacteria, joalo-joalo.
2. Phosphorus e qhibilihisang (ho qhibiliha) li-fungus: Bacillus (joaloka Bacillus megacephalus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus humilus, joalo-joalo), Pseudomonas (joaloka Pseudomonas fluorescens), libaktheria tse nang le Nitrogen, Rhizobium, Thiosperosperocillipus, Rhizobium, Thiosperosperocillipus, Rhizobium. , Streptomyces, joalo-joalo.
3. Libaktheria tsa potasiamo tse qhibilihisitsoeng (tse qhibilihisitsoeng): libaktheria tsa silicate (tse kang colloid Bacillus, colloid Bacillus, cyclosporillus), libaktheria tsa potassium tse se nang silicate.
4. Lithibela-mafu: Trichoderma (e kang Trichoderma harzianum), actinomycetes (e kang Streptomyces flatus, Streptomyces sp. sp.), Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus subtilis mefuta e meng, joalo-joalo.
5. Libaktheria tse khothalletsang kholo ea Rhizosphere le li-fungus tse khothalletsang kholo ea limela.
6. Libaktheria tsa sethaleng tse khanyang: mefuta e 'maloa ea mofuta oa Pseudomonas gracilis le mefuta e mengata ea Pseudomonas gracilis.Mefuta ena ke libaktheria tsa facultative aerobic tse ka holang boteng ba haedrojene 'me li loketse tlhahiso ea manyolo a tlhaho a tlhaho.
7. Libaktheria tse hanyetsanang le likokoanyana le ho eketseha ha tlhahiso: Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Phylloidase, Cordyceps le Bacillus.
8. Libaktheria tsa ho bola ha cellulose: thermophilic lateral spora, Trichoderma, Mucor, joalo-joalo.
9. Likokoana-hloko tse ling tse sebetsang: ka mor'a hore likokoana-hloko li kene mobung, li ka hlahisa lintho tse sebetsang tsa 'mele ho susumetsa le ho laola kholo ea limela.Tse ling tsa tsona li na le phello ea tlhoekiso le ho bola holim'a chefo ea mobu, joalo ka tomoso le libaktheria tsa lactic acid.
2) Lintho tsa tlhaho tse nkiloeng mesaletsang ea liphoofolo tse bolileng.Lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho ntle le ho belisoa, li ke ke tsa sebelisoa ka ho toba ho etsa manyolo, le tsona li ke ke tsa kena 'marakeng.
E le ho etsa hore libaktheria li kopane ka botlalo le thepa e tala 'me li fihlele ho belisoa ka ho feletseng, li ka tsosoa ka ho lekana kamochini o fetolang manyolo ka litlamajoalo ka tlase:
Lisebelisoa tsa organic tse sebelisoang hangata:
(1) Manyolo: koko, kolobe, khomo, nku, pere le mantle a liphoofolo tse ling;
(2) Litlhaka: joang ba poone, joang, joang ba koro, joang ba soya le mahlaka a mang a lijalo;
(3) lekhapetla le matlapi.Phofo ea lekhapetla la raese, phofo ea lekhapetla la peanut, phofo ea sethopo sa peanut, bran ea raese, bran ea fungus, joalo-joalo;
(4) lithōle: lithōle tsa distiller, soy sauce dregs, asene dregs, furfural dregs, xylose dregs, enzyme dregs, garlic dregs, tsoekere, joalo-joalo.
(5) lijo tsa kuku.kuku ya soybean, soybean meal, oil, rapeseed cake, jj.
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Lisebelisoa tsena tse tala li ka sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tse thusang tsa limatlafatsi bakeng sa tlhahiso ea manyolo a tlhaho ka mor'a ho belisoa.
Ka likokoana-hloko tse khethehileng le lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tse bolileng, maemo ana a mabeli a ka etsoa ka manyolo a tlhaho a tlhaho.
1) Mokhoa oa ho eketsa ka kotloloho
1, khetha libaktheria tse ikhethang tsa likokoana-hloko: e ka sebelisoa e le mofuta o le mong kapa tse peli, haholo-holo mefuta e sa feteng e meraro, hobane likhetho tse ngata tsa libaktheria, li qothisana lehlokoa le limatlafatsi pakeng tsa tse ling, li lebisa ka ho toba tšebetsong e kopanetsoeng ea ho fokotsa.
2. Palo ea palo ea ho eketsoa: ho ea ka NY884-2012 e tloaelehileng ea manyolo a lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho Chaena, palo e sebetsang ea libaktheria tse phelang tsa manyolo a bio-organic e lokela ho fihla ho 0,2 milione / g.Ka tone e le 'ngoe ea lintho tse phelang, ho feta 2 kg ea likokoana-hloko tse khethehileng tse sebetsang tse nang le palo e sebetsang ea libaktheria tse phelang ≥10 limilione tse likete / g li lokela ho ekeletsoa.Haeba palo ea libaktheria tse phelang tse sebetsang e le 1 limilione tse likete / g, ho feta 20 kg ho tla hloka ho eketsoa, joalo-joalo.Linaha tse fapaneng li lokela ho eketsa ka mokhoa o utloahalang ka mekhoa e fapaneng.
3. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa: Eketsa baktheria e sebetsang (phofo) nthong e lomositsoeng ho latela mokhoa o hlahisitsoeng bukeng ea tšebetso, hlohlelletsa ka ho lekana 'me u e phuthele.
4. Litlhokomeliso: (1) U se ke ua omisoa ka mocheso o phahameng ho feta 100℃, ho seng joalo o tla bolaea libaktheria tse sebetsang.Haeba ho hlokahala ho omella, e lokela ho ekeletsoa ka mor'a ho omisa.(2) Ka lebaka la mabaka a fapaneng, litaba tsa libaktheria tse ka har'a manyolo a lintho tse phelang tse lokiselitsoeng ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa lipalo hangata ha li fihlelle ho data e nepahetseng, ka hona ts'ebetsong ea ho lokisa, li-microorganisms tse sebetsang hangata li eketsoa ho feta 10% ho feta data e nepahetseng. .
2) mokhoa oa bobeli oa ho tsofala le ho atolosa setso
Ha ho bapisoa le mokhoa oa ho eketsa ka ho toba, mokhoa ona o na le molemo oa ho boloka litšenyehelo tsa baktheria.Taba e nyahamisang ke hore liteko lia hlokahala ho fumana palo ea likokoana-hloko tse itseng tse ka kenyelletsoang, ha ho ntse ho eketsoa ts'ebetso e nyane.Ka kakaretso ho khothaletsoa hore chelete ea tlatsetso e be 20% kapa ho feta ea mokhoa oa ho eketsa ka kotloloho, 'me e fihle boemong ba naha ea manyolo a tlhaho a tlhaho ka mokhoa oa bobeli oa botsofali.Mehato ea ts'ebetso ke e latelang:
1. Khetha itseng likokoana-hloko libaktheria (phofo) : e ka ba mofuta o le mong kapa tse peli, ka ho fetisisa eseng ho feta mefuta e meraro, hobane libaktheria tse ngata li khetha, li hlōlisana bakeng sa limatlafatsi pakeng tsa tse ling, li lebisa ka ho toba phello ea libaktheria tse fapaneng.
2. Palo ea palo ea tlatsetso: ho ea ka tekanyo ea manyolo a likokoana-hloko Chaena, palo e sebetsang ea libaktheria tse phelang tsa manyolo a bio-organic e lokela ho fihla ho limilione tse 0,2 / g.Ka tonne e le 'ngoe ea lintho tse phelang, palo e sebetsang ea libaktheria tse phelang ≥10 limilione tse likete / g ea likokoana-hloko tse itseng tse sebetsang (phofo) li lokela ho eketsoa bonyane 0,4 kg.Haeba palo ea libaktheria tse phelang tse sebetsang e le 1 limilione tse likete / g, ho tla hlokahala ho eketsoa ho feta 4 kg, joalo-joalo.Linaha tse fapaneng li lokela ho latela maemo a fapaneng bakeng sa tlatsetso e utloahalang.
3. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa: baktheria e sebetsang (phofo) le bran ea koro, phofo ea raese, bran kapa e 'ngoe ea tsona bakeng sa ho kopanya, ka ho toba li ekelletsa linthong tse lomositsoeng, ho kopanya ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ho phuthetsoe ka matsatsi a 3-5 ho etsa tse khethehileng. libaktheria tse sebetsang ka botsona.
4. Taolo ea mongobo le mocheso: nakong ea ho belisoa ha stacking, mongobo le mocheso li lokela ho laoloa ho ea ka litšobotsi tsa likokoana-hloko tsa libaktheria tse sebetsang.Haeba mocheso o phahame haholo, bophahamo ba stacking bo lokela ho fokotsoa.
5. Libaktheria tse khethehileng tse sebetsang ho fumana litaba: ka mor'a ho fela ha stacking, sampling le ho romela setsing se nang le bokhoni ba ho lemoha likokoana-hloko ho hlahloba pele hore na litaba tsa likokoana-hloko tse itseng li ka finyella litekanyetso, haeba li ka finyelloa, u ka etsa manyolo a likokoana-hloko. ka mokhoa ona.Haeba sena se sa finyelloe, eketsa palo ea ho eketsoa ha libaktheria tse itseng tse sebetsang ho 40% ea mokhoa o tobileng oa ho eketsa 'me u phete teko ho fihlela katleho.
6. Litlhokomelo: U se ke ua omisoa ka mocheso o phahameng ho feta 100 ℃, ho seng joalo o tla bolaea libaktheria tse sebetsang.Haeba ho hlokahala ho omella, e lokela ho ekeletsoa ka mor'a ho omisa.
Tlhahisong ea manyolo a bio-organic ka mor'a ho belisoa, hangata ke lisebelisoa tsa phofo, tse atisang ho fofa le moea nakong ea komello, e bakang tahlehelo ea lihlahisoa le tšilafalo ea lerōle.Ka hona, e le ho fokotsa lerōle le ho thibela caking, mokhoa oa granulation o atisa ho sebelisoa.U ka sebelisa leino le susumetsang granulator setšoantšong se ka holimo bakeng sa granulation, e ka sebelisoa ho humic acid, k'habone e ntšo, kaolin le tse ling tse thata ho granulate thepa e tala.
Nako ea poso: Oct-18-2021